Process of making steel-faced articles.



FRDRIK KRABBE, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

i PROCEB- OF MARIN G BTEELi-EALOED-ARTICLE8.

h Specinatlon of LettersPatent.` Application lsd Jrimuary 130,1908.` Serial No. 295,433.

Patented Dec. 22, 1908;

To all whom it mayeoncem: i c

Be it known that I, Fmanlmr` KRABBE, a citizen of the United States, residing at Chi,- cago, inthe countyofCookandState of Illinois, have invented certainnew and useful Improvements in Processes of Making Steel-` Faced Articles, of `which, the following isa speciication. y p n This invention relatesto improvements in tools utilizing what `is commonly known as high speed, tool steel, and has forits object to provide a method by which the body of the tool may be `made of relatively cheap, soft steel which, at the same time,` may be tough in its structure,fand `uniting to t is body a facing of high speed, tool steel, which pr0` vides thecutting ed e. `I-Ieretoiore lit hasv been necessary to ma el tools of this character, for example, the tools` used in,` turning steel rolls, entirely out` ofhigh speed, tool steel. This has `beenattended with several disadvantages, for instance, the high cost of this sort of steel, the difficulty in forging. the same, and its liability to break under the strains incident to use. There are several kinds of this high speed, tool steel or, as it is sometimes called, airhardening or self hardening steel, some of which varieties are made by secret processes. They are all, however, very much alike in their characteristics and are all relatively e'x ensive. Thev princi al characteristic of stee of this character is t at it will cut other steel moving at a very high speed without meltingl or being destroyed, as would be the case wit the commoner grades of steel. I

Heretofore it has been thought impossible to weld or otherwise unite high speed, tool steels with the common grades of softer steel and, as a matter of fact, it is impossible to weld them together directly.

The object of the resent invention is to provide means where y a piece of this hi h speed, tool steel or, air hardening steel may Ire united to a body of ordinary and less expensive steel, which may, however, be of tougher character, with special reference to the man'- uf'acture of tools wherein it is desirable that the portion of the tool havin the cutting edge shall be of high s eed, Vtoo steel and the body ortion of' stee ot a lower grade, althoug such process ma be utilized in other connections where it is esired to unite steels having these different characteristics. In accompllshing this object I form the tool of three parts, first, a body portion of cheaper steel, which is preferably tough so as to resist the strains ut upon the tool in use second, a portion of igh speed, tool steel, of any of the customary sorts 1n use to-day, to carry the cuttingY edge, `and third, a plate or insertf of iron placed between these elements; the threeparts `being thenwelded together in anyordinary Wa Figure 1` 1s a perspectlve view ofa common form of lathe tool; Fig. 2 shows in elevation the three constituent parts of the tool before being united; Fig. 3 is a perspective view of a suitableiron plate for use in the manufacture of this tool; `and Figs. 4 and 5 show successive steps in the manufacture of the tool.

In the several figures of thedrawings like reference characters indicate the same parts i throughout.

In these drawings A is the body portion of the tool, which will ordinarily be of rela-` tively soft, tough steel, B is the'edge-carryl ing,` or working, portion composed of high speed steel or air hardening steel, as itis sometimes called, C is an iron plate designed and the iron p ate C according to well known d blacksmith practice, and welding them together h pressure, usually b hammering and wor 'ng I then have t e composite piece shown in Fig. 4. I next suitably heat the steel portion A and the composite piece B, C and then weld the body portion A to the iron plate C in any usual manner.

Of course, the relative contour of the parts A, B and C will vary according tothe article being manufactured, and the term plate as used in this descri tion has no technical meaning, but is mere y a convenient term for describing one or the other of the component parts of the tool.

While the above outlined method of proceedings .has been found to be convenient, it is evident that any other desired,` method might be em loyed. For instance, the iron plate C may e first united to the body portion A, if convenient or desirable, and the hard steel late B could then be welded to the face o the plate C. Any convenient method of welding ma be employed, as, for instance, electric welding, or the ordinary rocess wherein the parts to be united are l fieated in a forge, or with suitable appliances the two pieces of steel may be assembled with the interposed piece of iron and the three ieces sufficiently and simultaneously heate whereby the iron will be Welded to each piece of steel at the same time. The precise order of steps is not necessarily of any importance.

lf the plate C be provided with the projecting handle portion D, this portion may be convenient-ly cut of or otherwise removed before final grinding and finishing of the tool. Obviously this process may be em loyed in the manufacture of other kinds of) tools than those enumerated above or in the manufacture of any articles in which it is desired to unite high speed, tool steel or air hardening steel to a body of steel of different character wherein ordinary Welding processes would be ineffective.

I claim: 1. The rocess of uniting a facing of high speed, too steel to a body portion of relatlvely soft steel, which consists in interposing between said facing and said body an iron plate and Welding said steel elements to the ate. p 2. The rocess of making a tool having a soft steel ody and a facing of high speed, tool steel, which consists in interposing between said facing and said body an iron plate, heating said elements to an ordinary welding temperature not sufiicient to melt them, and

uniting the same in an integral struct-ure by the application of suitable pressure while so heated. p

3. A tool consisting of a body part of relatively soft, toughsteel, an iron plate upon the body part, and a facing of high speed, tool steel provided with a cutting edge disosed over the iron late, the iron plate and acing united with tlie body part in an integral structure.

4. A tool consisting of a body art of relatively soft, tough steel, a facing o high speed, tool steel provided with a cutting edge, and an iron plate inserted between the body and the facing, these three components being united together by Welding.

5. The rocess of making a tool having a soft steel ody and a hi hspeed, tool steel facing, which consists in heating one of said steel elements and an iron plate to an ordinary Welding temperature not sufiicient to melt either of the parts, welding said plate and said steel element together by hammering or ressure, then heating the iron plate so welde so as to bring it to the ordinary Welding temperature not sufficient to melt, heating the other steel element to a like temperature, and welding said steel element and the iron together in a similar manner.

FREDRIK KRABBE.

Witnesses:

O. R. BARNETT, H. L. PEoK. 

